Learn About - Cigna Dental

A Root Canal Abscess

What Causes an Endodontic Abscess?

An endodontic abscess is caused by infected pulpal tissue. This acute disease process then spreads to the outside of the root and enters the bone and soft tissues around the tooth. An endodontic abscess is oftentimes accompanied by a cascade of symptoms. These symptoms may include:

• Pain to hot liquids, touch, or biting pressure.
• Pressure that partially pushes the tooth out of the socket, causing it to contact the opposing tooth first upon biting.
• A loose tooth resulting from infection and subsequent pressure that builds around the outside of the tooth.
• Swelling localized to the tissue around the tooth.
• Swelling that spreads from the gums around the tooth into the cheek, lips, or neck areas. These tissues can become swollen resulting in an exaggerated asymmetry of the face.

In cases of extreme dental infection, the eye can become swollen shut or breathing can become difficult as pressure builds against vital structures. In these instances of severe infection, hospitalization may become necessary.

What Is Involved in the Emergency Management of an Abscessed Tooth?

An endodontic abscess can be extremely painful and emergency treatment is directed towards promptly relieving the patient's pain and, if present, reducing the swelling as quickly as possible. Emergency management would usually include getting the area profoundly numb and then creating a small window through the biting surface of the tooth and into the pulpal space. By opening the tooth in this manner, the dentist can relieve the pressure that has built up inside the tooth and allow the infected area to drain. Usually, the only procedures that are performed at the emergency visit are the ones that are necessary to eliminate acute pain and control the infection. Subsequent care an endodontic abscess will be necessary when the patient is more comfortable and relaxed in order to properly complete root canal treatment. At the conclusion of the emergency visit, the patient may require medications for pain and/or infection control and these will be prescribed by the doctor if they are necessary.

By Clifford J. Ruddle, DDS, in collaboration with Philip M. Smith, DDS

+Jim Du Molin is a leading Internet search expert helping individuals and families connect with the right dentist in their area. Visit his author page.

The Endodontist and a Successful Root Canal Treatment

Many international scientific studies demonstrate that root canal treatment is generally successful and provides an excellent long-term prognosis when the dental surgery is properly performed utilizing sound biological and mechanical concepts. As with any clinical situation, there are factors that must be considered when discussing root canal procedure outcomes with your dentist or endodontist:

1. Root canal treatment has not always been as successful as it is today. Fortunately, the guiding principles of modern endodontics can now be utilized to deliver very predictable results over a patient's lifetime. Some of these principles were unknown or misunderstood in the past and, consequently, many teeth have had endodontics treatment based on concepts, techniques, and materials that are not considered optimal by today's standards. Even so, some of these teeth have given, and will continue to give, additional years of good service. In other instances, previously treated teeth exhibit bacterial leakage that may or may not be accompanied by clinical symptoms. Failing endodontically treated teeth can generally be successfully retreated by an endodontist using modern biological concepts, technologies, and techniques.
2. Root canal treatment can be successful even if a tooth is severely damaged by decay, trauma, or other destructive events. In cases such as this, it may be necessary to reinforce the tooth by placing a post into the root before a crown can be placed. In these situations, the root canal dentist must weigh risks versus benefits during the treatment planning process.
3. The success of root canal treatment is greatly enhanced when the tooth receives a protective restoration after completion of the treatment. When a protective crown is not placed, the root canal filling may leak or the tooth may develop additional decay or even fracture. Once a root fracture has occurred, there is generally no predictable treatment or dental surgery to save the tooth.
4. For an endodontic treatment to be successful, the periodontal supporting structures of the tooth must be healthy or capable of being returned to a state of health with periodontal treatment. Other specialty consultations may also be necessary depending on the findings in a particular situation.
5. To insure that root canal treatment is working, the particular tooth should be evaluated over time. Teeth are subject to enormous shifts in temperature (such as hot coffee vs. ice cream), tremendous mechanical loads (in pounds per square inch), and constant exposure to the bacteria in saliva. Periodic re-evaluation allows the dentist to examine the results of past treatments and to intervene early if new damage or breakdown is occurring.

As with any human endeavor, there are certain clinical situations in which dental surgery does not work even with the best efforts that modern dentistry can offer. Fortunately, these cases are infrequent and, if they occur, many of the teeth can be successfully retreated by an endodontist. A root canal procedure, when appropriately planned and well-performed by your dentist or endodontist, is the most cost-effective and predictable treatment alternative in most clinical situations.

+Jim Du Molin is a leading Internet search expert helping individuals and families connect with the right dentist in their area. Visit his author page.